Quick Answer

SYD Function

Calculates sum-of-years-digits depreciation for a specified period.

✓ Excel✓ Google SheetsExcel All versions

Syntax

SYD
(cost, salvage, life, per)

Parameters

ParameterDescriptionRequired
costInitial cost of the asset.Required
salvageValue at the end of the depreciation life.Required
lifeNumber of periods over which the asset is depreciated.Required
perThe period for which to calculate depreciation.Required

Basic Example

First-year SYD depreciation

=SYD(10000, 2000, 5, 1)
Result$2,666.67

A $10,000 asset with 5-year life depreciates $2,666.67 in the first year using sum-of-years-digits.

Advanced Examples

Example 1: Later year depreciation

Accelerated depreciation

Depreciation in the fifth year

=SYD(10000, 2000, 5, 5)
Result: $533.33
Depreciation is highest in early years and lowest in later years.

How SYD Works

SYD multiplies the depreciable cost (cost - salvage) by a fraction. The numerator is the remaining life, and the denominator is the sum of the years digits (e.g., 1+2+3+4+5 = 15).

1
Enter cost
Type the cost
2
Enter salvage
Type the salvage
3
Enter life
Type the life
4
Enter per
Type the per
5
Calculate
Press Enter to get the result.

Important Notes & Limitations

  • Produces higher depreciation in early years.

  • Requires a salvage value.

  • Does not handle partial periods.

Common Errors & Fixes

#NUM! errorPer is less than 1 or greater than life.

Fix: Ensure per is between 1 and life.

Wrong yearPer argument refers to a different period than expected.

Fix: Confirm that per matches the period you want.

Download Practice File

Practice SYD with Real Data

Download a sample CSV file with pre-populated data and practice exercises for the SYD function. Works in both Excel and Google Sheets.

Works in Google SheetsCompatible with ExcelIncludes exercises

File format: CSV (comma-separated values) - opens in Excel, Google Sheets, and all spreadsheet apps

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between SYD and DDB?
SYD uses a declining fraction based on remaining life. DDB uses a fixed rate multiplied by remaining book value.
Is SYD still used for taxes?
It is less common now; many tax systems use MACRS or straight-line.