Quick Answer

DURATION Function

Calculates the Macaulay duration of a bond.

✓ Excel✓ Google SheetsExcel All versions

Syntax

DURATION
(settlement, maturity, coupon, yld, frequency, [basis])

Parameters

ParameterDescriptionRequired
settlementDate the security is purchased.Required
maturityDate the security expires.Required
couponAnnual coupon rate.Required
yldAnnual yield to maturity.Required
frequencyNumber of coupon payments per year (1, 2, or 4).Required
basisDay-count convention (0 = US 30/360, default).Optional

Basic Example

Macaulay duration of a bond

=DURATION(DATE(2024,4,1), DATE(2034,4,1), 0.05, 0.06, 2)
ResultDuration in years

For a 5% coupon bond yielding 6% with semi-annual payments, this returns the Macaulay duration.

Advanced Examples

Example 1: With actual/actual basis

Treasury bond analysis

Use basis 1 for actual/actual

=DURATION(DATE(2024,4,1), DATE(2034,4,1), 0.05, 0.06, 2, 1)
Result: Duration using actual/actual
Basis 1 uses actual days and actual years.

How DURATION Works

DURATION calculates the Macaulay duration, which is the present-value-weighted average time until cash flows are received. Higher duration means greater sensitivity to interest rate changes.

1
Enter settlement
Type the settlement
2
Enter maturity
Type the maturity
3
Enter coupon
Type the coupon
4
Enter yld
Type the yld
5
Calculate
Press Enter to get the result.

Important Notes & Limitations

  • Settlement must be before maturity.

  • Frequency must be 1, 2, or 4.

  • Does not measure modified duration or convexity.

Common Errors & Fixes

#NUM! errorInvalid dates, rates, or frequency.

Fix: Verify all inputs.

#VALUE! errorDates are not recognized.

Fix: Use DATE function or valid date serial numbers.

Download Practice File

Practice DURATION with Real Data

Download a sample CSV file with pre-populated data and practice exercises for the DURATION function. Works in both Excel and Google Sheets.

Works in Google SheetsCompatible with ExcelIncludes exercises

File format: CSV (comma-separated values) - opens in Excel, Google Sheets, and all spreadsheet apps

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between DURATION and MDURATION?
DURATION is Macaulay duration. MDURATION is modified duration, which directly measures price sensitivity.
What does duration measure?
Duration measures the weighted average time to receive cash flows and is used to estimate interest rate risk.