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Quick Answer

DPRODUCT Function

Multiplies the values in a database column for rows that meet the criteria.

✓ Excel✓ Google SheetsExcel All versions

Syntax

DPRODUCT
(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

ParameterDescriptionRequired
databaseThe range containing the database, including the header row as the first row.Required
fieldThe column to multiply, given as the column label in quotes (e.g. "Yield") or its 1-based column index.Required
criteriaThe range with a header row matching database column names and one or more condition rows; only matching records are multiplied.Required

Basic Example

Multiply the Yield of apple trees taller than 10

=DPRODUCT(A1:E7, "Yield", A9:B10)
Result140

The criteria A9:B10 (Tree=Apple, Height>10) matches two rows with Yield 14 and 10; multiplying gives 14 x 10 = 140.

Advanced Examples

Example 1: Multiply Profit for the same trees

Switch the field to Profit

Use the same criteria but multiply the Profit column instead.

=DPRODUCT(A1:E7, "Profit", A9:B10)
Result: 7875
The two matching rows have Profit 105 and 75, so 105 x 75 = 7875.

Example 2: Three factors from all apple trees

Criteria Tree=Apple across three rows

Multiply the Yield of all three apple rows.

=DPRODUCT(A1:E7, "Yield", A9:A10)
Result: 840
Apple yields are 14, 10, and 6, so the product is 14 x 10 x 6 = 840.

How DPRODUCT Works

DPRODUCT filters the database to rows matching the criteria, then multiplies together the numeric values found in the specified field column of those rows. Text and blank cells in the field are ignored; if no numeric values match, the product is 0 (since the implicit starting factor is 1 only when at least one value exists, but Excel treats zero matches as 0).

1
Set up the database
Enter your table with a header row, e.g. A1:E7 with Tree, Height, Age, Yield, Profit.
2
Set up criteria
Place criteria headers and values in a separate range, e.g. A9:B10.
3
Enter DPRODUCT
Type =DPRODUCT(A1:E7, "Yield", A9:B10) and press Enter.

Important Notes & Limitations

  • Considers only numeric values in the field; text and blanks are ignored.

  • With many values the product can quickly overflow to very large numbers.

  • Criteria header labels must exactly match database headers.

Common Errors & Fixes

0 resultNo rows matched, or the matching field contained no numeric values.

Fix: Verify the criteria headers and conditions match the database and that the field holds numbers.

#VALUE!The field was an unquoted column name.

Fix: Wrap the field name in quotes, e.g. "Yield", or use the column index.

Download Practice File

Practice DPRODUCT with Real Data

Download a sample CSV file with pre-populated data and practice exercises for the DPRODUCT function. Works in both Excel and Google Sheets.

Works in Google SheetsCompatible with ExcelIncludes exercises

File format: CSV (comma-separated values) - opens in Excel, Google Sheets, and all spreadsheet apps

Frequently Asked Questions

What does DPRODUCT return if no rows match?
It returns 0, because there are no numeric values to multiply.
Does DPRODUCT ignore text in the field?
Yes. Only numeric values in matching rows are multiplied.
When is DPRODUCT useful?
It is handy for compounding rates or factors stored in a database column across matching records.