Quick Answer

ATAN Function

Returns the angle (in radians) whose tangent is the supplied number.

✓ Excel✓ Google SheetsExcel All versions

Syntax

ATAN
(number)

Parameters

ParameterDescriptionRequired
numberThe tangent of the angle you want; any real number is accepted.Required

Basic Example

Find the angle whose tangent is 1

=ATAN(1)
Result0.785398163

The arctangent of 1 is π/4 radians (45°).

Advanced Examples

Example 1: Convert the result to degrees

Need the angle in degrees.

Wrap ATAN in DEGREES.

=DEGREES(ATAN(1))
Result: 45
ATAN(1) is π/4 radians, which DEGREES converts to 45°.

Example 2: Use when you only know the slope

A line has slope 0.5; find its angle.

Pass the slope directly.

=DEGREES(ATAN(0.5))
Result: 26.56505118
ATAN(0.5) gives the angle whose tangent is 0.5, about 26.57°.

How ATAN Works

ATAN is the inverse of TAN. For any real x it returns the unique angle θ in (-π/2, π/2) (radians) such that tan(θ) = x. It cannot distinguish opposite quadrants, so use ATAN2 when both coordinates are known.

1
Pick the cell
Select the cell for the result.
2
Enter the formula
Type =ATAN(number).
3
Press Enter
The angle in radians appears; wrap with DEGREES if needed.

Important Notes & Limitations

  • The result is in radians, not degrees.

  • ATAN uses only one argument, so it cannot tell which of two opposite quadrants the angle is in; ATAN2 resolves this with two coordinates.

  • Result range is limited to -π/2 to π/2.

Common Errors & Fixes

#VALUE!The argument is non-numeric text.

Fix: Supply a numeric value or a numeric cell reference.

Download Practice File

Practice ATAN with Real Data

Download a sample CSV file with pre-populated data and practice exercises for the ATAN function. Works in both Excel and Google Sheets.

Works in Google SheetsCompatible with ExcelIncludes exercises

File format: CSV (comma-separated values) - opens in Excel, Google Sheets, and all spreadsheet apps

Frequently Asked Questions

ATAN or ATAN2 — which should I use?
Use ATAN when you only have a single ratio (y/x). Use ATAN2 when you have separate x and y coordinates, because it places the angle in the correct quadrant.
Why does ATAN(-1) give a negative angle?
ATAN's range is -π/2 to π/2, so negative inputs yield negative angles.
Does ATAN return degrees?
No, it returns radians; use DEGREES or multiply by 180/PI().